GPT-5.4 Nano vs o3
GPT-5.4 Nano leads o3 on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, 20.7 to 20.2, and GPT-5.4 Nano costs 6.4x less per output token ($1.25 vs $8.00 per million). Updated October 21, 2026; 70 benchmarks have a result for both.
GPT-5.4 Nano or o3: which to pick
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, 44.8 on the Vibe Coding Index; o3 has none, so the two cannot be ranked on coding.
Pick o3 for work measured by WeirdML or LMArena Text: coding, where it leads.
- Shared results
- 70
- GPT-5.4 Nano only
- 15
- o3 only
- 32
- Like-for-like categories
- 7 of 9
Only benchmarks that tested both models count toward a pick; a result only one model has is shown but not compared.
Which one for your work
Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.
Coding
Vibe Coding Index, six public coding benchmarks
No call
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, so no call is made.
One side not measured
Intelligence
AA Intelligence Index
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano leads, 20.7 against 20.2.
Same board, both measured
Agentic work
AA Agentic Index
No call
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a AA Agentic Index result, 16.0.
Directional only
Reasoning
GPQA Diamond
o3
o3 leads, 84.1% against 77.5%.
Same board, both measured
Math
AIME
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano leads, 88.8% against 85.3%.
Same board, both measured
Knowledge
MMLU Pro
o3
o3 leads, 85.6% against 77.2%.
Same board, both measured
Web design
Design Arena: websites
No call
Only o3 has a Design Arena: websites result, 1036.
Directional only
Long documents
Listed context window
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano takes 400K tokens against 200K.
Listed by OpenRouter
Everyday cost
1K input + 500 output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano $0.0008, o3 $0.0060 per turn.
List prices
Cost per solved task
One SWE-bench Verified task, solved
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano $0.14, o3 $0.571.
Published attempt cost and pass rate
At a glance
- Coding index
- GPT-5.4 Nano 44.8 from 2 benchmarks, o3 not benchmarked.
- Widest category
- Knowledge, 10.0 points apart on average over 11 shared benchmarks.
- Widest single gap
- SimpleQA Verified: GPT-5.4 Nano 11.7% against o3 49.4%, 37.7 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
- Output price
- GPT-5.4 Nano $1.25 against o3 $8.00 per million output tokens, 6.4x apart.
- Context window
- GPT-5.4 Nano takes 400K tokens, o3 200K.
Benchmark by benchmark
First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.
| Category | GPT-5.4 Nano | Bars | o3 | Ties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coding | 3 | 3 | ||
| Intelligence | 1 | 1 | ||
| Agentic work | 0 | 1 | ||
| Reasoning | 2 | 13 | ||
| Math | 3 | 2 | ||
| Knowledge | 1 | 10 | ||
| General | 3 | 27 | ||
| All shared boards | 13 | 57 |
CodingLike-for-likeSix of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index33
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aider polyglot | Not measured | 81.3% | Only o3 measured |
| SWE-bench Verified | Not measured | 58.4% | Only o3 measured |
| SWE-bench Multimodal | Not measured | 36.0% | Only o3 measured |
| AA Coding Index | 56.1 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LiveCodeBench (Vals AI) | 84.0% | 83.9% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| SWE-bench Verified (Vals AI) | 69.8% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Vibe Code Bench (Vals AI) | 26.1% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Code migration (Vals AI) | 14.5% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Terminal-Bench 2.1 (Vals AI) | 41.6% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run) | Not measured | 80.8% | Only o3 measured |
| SciCode | 47.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run) | 42.4% | 37.1% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| GSO-Bench | Not measured | 8.8% | Only o3 measured |
| WeirdML | 49.2% | 52.4% | o3 |
| ALE-Bench | 1004.5 | 933.5 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: coding | 1404 | 1407 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: software and IT | 1402 | 1415 | o3 |
| SciCode | Not measured | 9.2% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 21 boards here | |||
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index11
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Intelligence Index | 20.7 | 20.2 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 146.0 | 146.7 | o3 |
Agentic workLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index01
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Agentic Index | 16.0 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Finance Agent (Vals AI) | 38.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Tax Agent Bench (Vals AI) | 5.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Legal Research Bench (Vals AI) | 6.3% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Excel Modeling Benchmark (Vals AI) | 44.8% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| τ²-Bench Telecom | 76.0% | 80.7% | o3 |
| METR time horizons | Not measured | 65.4% | Only o3 measured |
| GDPval | Not measured | 30.8% | Only o3 measured |
| DeepResearch Bench | Not measured | 45.2% | Only o3 measured |
| OSWorld | Not measured | 23.0% | Only o3 measured |
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard (BFCL) | Not measured | 63.0% | Only o3 measured |
| BrowseComp-Plus | Not measured | 65.9% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 29 boards here | |||
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index213
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 77.5% | 84.1% | o3 |
| MMMU Pro (Vals AI) | 73.6% | 80.4% | o3 |
| GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run) | 81.7% | 82.7% | o3 |
| Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run) | 28.3% | 20.1% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run) | 78.5% | 81.8% | o3 |
| ARC-AGI | 51.5% | 60.8% | o3 |
| ARC-AGI-2 | 5.7% | 6.5% | o3 |
| SimpleBench | Not measured | 53.1% | Only o3 measured |
| Chess puzzles | 45.0% | 37.0% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Mystery game puzzles | 9.0% | 29.0% | o3 |
| VPCT | Not measured | 52.0% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts | 1381 | 1402 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: expert | 1396 | 1402 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts in English | 1387 | 1411 | o3 |
| LMArena Vision: diagrams | 1210 | 1220 | o3 |
| LMArena Vision: homework | 1225 | 1234 | o3 |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | 39.7% | 67.6% | o3 |
| Neither model has a result on the other 5 boards here | |||
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index32
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AIME | 88.8% | 85.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| MATH 500 (Vals AI) | Not measured | 94.6% | Only o3 measured |
| MGSM (Vals AI) | Not measured | 91.8% | Only o3 measured |
| AA Math Index | Not measured | 88.3 | Only o3 measured |
| AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run) | Not measured | 88.3% | Only o3 measured |
| OTIS Mock AIME | 87.8% | 84.4% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 3 | 44.9% | 33.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| FrontierMath, tier 4 | 12.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| ProofBench | 5.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| MATH level 5 | Not measured | 97.8% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: math | 1405 | 1426 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: mathematical work | 1409 | 1423 | o3 |
| Neither model has a result on the other 1 board here | |||
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index110
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMLU Pro | 77.2% | 85.6% | o3 |
| LegalBench (Vals AI) | 77.9% | 83.8% | o3 |
| CaseLaw (Vals AI) | 51.9% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| CorpFin (Vals AI) | 61.2% | 59.7% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| TaxEval (Vals AI) | 67.4% | 74.6% | o3 |
| MortgageTax (Vals AI) | 59.1% | 65.7% | o3 |
| MedQA (Vals AI) | Not measured | 96.1% | Only o3 measured |
| MedCode (Vals AI) | 41.0% | 47.3% | o3 |
| MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run) | Not measured | 85.3% | Only o3 measured |
| SimpleQA Verified | 11.7% | 49.4% | o3 |
| GeoBench | Not measured | 74.0% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: science | 1374 | 1429 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare | 1369 | 1448 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: legal and government | 1368 | 1428 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: business and finance | 1366 | 1393 | o3 |
| FACTS Benchmark Suite | Not measured | 44.4% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 2 boards here | |||
Web designDirectional onlyPublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index5 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Design Arena: websites | Not measured | 1036 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: UI components | Not measured | 1017 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: game dev | Not measured | 1034 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: data viz | Not measured | 1200 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: all code categories | Not measured | 1020 | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 4 boards here | |||
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index327
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neither model has a result on 5 boards here | |||
What each workload costs
Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.
Chat turn
1K input + 500 output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Repository review
50K input + 3K output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Agent loop
200K input + 10K output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.
Specification differences
The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.
| Specification | OpenAI GPT-5.4 Nano | OpenAI o3 |
|---|---|---|
| Maker | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Weights | No public weights listed | No public weights listed |
| Released | March 17, 2026 | April 16, 2025 |
| Context window | 400K | 200K |
| Input $/Mtok | $0.20 | $2.00 |
| Output $/Mtok | $1.25 | $8.00 |
| Coding index | 44.8 | Not benchmarked |
| Independent measurements behind it | 2 | 0 |
| Cost per solved task | $0.14 | $0.571 |
| Source | OpenRouter listing | OpenRouter listing |
Questions
Is GPT-5.4 Nano better than o3 for coding?
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, 44.8 on the Vibe Coding Index; o3 has none, so the two cannot be ranked on coding. Pick o3 for work measured by WeirdML or LMArena Text: coding, where it leads.
Which is cheaper, GPT-5.4 Nano or o3?
GPT-5.4 Nano costs $0.20 per million input tokens and $1.25 per million output tokens; o3 costs $2.00 and $8.00. Per solved SWE-bench Verified task, GPT-5.4 Nano costs $0.14 and o3 $0.571.
Which has the bigger context window, GPT-5.4 Nano or o3?
GPT-5.4 Nano, with 400K tokens against 200K.
How many benchmarks is the GPT-5.4 Nano vs o3 comparison based on?
70 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 21, 2026. GPT-5.4 Nano's coding index rests on 2 independent benchmarks and o3's on 0. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.