GPT-5.4 Nano vs o1
Updated October 21, 2026. 55 benchmarks have a result for both. Coding is ranked on the Vibe Coding Index; every other board is shown as published.
Decision reading
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, 44.8 on the Vibe Coding Index; o1 has none, so the two cannot be ranked on coding.
o1 has the edge where what matters is MMMU Pro (Vals AI) or MMLU Pro, where it leads.
- Shared results
- 55
- GPT-5.4 Nano only
- 29
- o1 only
- 13
- Like-for-like categories
- 7 of 9
Shared results can support a head-to-head reading. Results only one model has describe coverage, not superiority.
Which one for your work
Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.
Coding
Vibe Coding Index, six public coding benchmarks
No call
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, so no call is made.
One side not measured
Intelligence
AA Intelligence Index
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano leads, 20.7 against 15.2.
Same board, both measured
Agentic work
AA Agentic Index
No call
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a AA Agentic Index result, 16.0.
Directional only
Reasoning
GPQA Diamond
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano leads, 77.5% against 73.2%.
Same board, both measured
Math
AIME
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano leads, 88.8% against 71.5%.
Same board, both measured
Knowledge
MMLU Pro
o1
o1 leads, 83.5% against 77.2%.
Same board, both measured
Long documents
Listed context window
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano takes 400K tokens against 200K.
Listed by OpenRouter
Everyday cost
1K input + 500 output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano
GPT-5.4 Nano $0.0008, o1 $0.045 per turn.
List prices
Cost per solved task
One SWE-bench Verified task, solved
No call
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has the number, $0.14.
Directional only
At a glance
- Coding index
- GPT-5.4 Nano 44.8 from 2 benchmarks, o1 not benchmarked.
- Widest category
- Coding, 15.9 points apart on average over 6 shared benchmarks.
- Widest single gap
- Chess puzzles: GPT-5.4 Nano 45.0% against o1 10.0%, 35.0 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
- Output price
- GPT-5.4 Nano $1.25 against o1 $60.00 per million output tokens, 48.0x apart.
- Context window
- GPT-5.4 Nano takes 400K tokens, o1 200K.
Benchmark by benchmark
First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.
| Category | GPT-5.4 Nano | Bars | o1 | Ties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coding | 6 | 0 | ||
| Intelligence | 2 | 0 | ||
| Agentic work | 1 | 0 | ||
| Reasoning | 9 | 1 | ||
| Math | 5 | 0 | ||
| Knowledge | 3 | 5 | ||
| General | 14 | 9 | ||
| All shared boards | 40 | 15 |
CodingLike-for-likeSix of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index60
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aider polyglot | Not measured | 61.7% | Only o1 measured |
| AA Coding Index | 56.1 | 39.7 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LiveCodeBench (Vals AI) | 84.0% | 50.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| SWE-bench Verified (Vals AI) | 69.8% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Vibe Code Bench (Vals AI) | 26.1% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Code migration (Vals AI) | 14.5% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Terminal-Bench 2.1 (Vals AI) | 41.6% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run) | Not measured | 67.9% | Only o1 measured |
| SciCode | 47.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run) | 42.4% | 12.9% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| WeirdML | 49.2% | 46.1% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| ALE-Bench | 1004.5 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Text: coding | 1404 | 1367 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: software and IT | 1402 | 1366 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Neither model has a result on the other 24 boards here | |||
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index20
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Intelligence Index | 20.7 | 15.2 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 146.0 | 141.7 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
Agentic workLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index10
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Agentic Index | 16.0 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Finance Agent (Vals AI) | 38.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Tax Agent Bench (Vals AI) | 5.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Legal Research Bench (Vals AI) | 6.3% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Excel Modeling Benchmark (Vals AI) | 44.8% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| τ²-Bench Telecom | 76.0% | 62.6% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| METR time horizons | Not measured | 51.1% | Only o1 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 32 boards here | |||
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index91
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | 77.5% | 73.2% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| MMMU Pro (Vals AI) | 73.6% | 77.4% | o1 |
| GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run) | 81.7% | 74.7% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run) | 28.3% | 7.0% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run) | 78.5% | 76.8% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| ARC-AGI | 51.5% | 30.7% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| ARC-AGI-2 | 5.7% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| SimpleBench | Not measured | 40.1% | Only o1 measured |
| Chess puzzles | 45.0% | 10.0% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Mystery game puzzles | 9.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| VPCT | Not measured | 37.0% | Only o1 measured |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts | 1381 | 1371 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: expert | 1396 | 1361 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts in English | 1387 | 1372 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Vision: diagrams | 1210 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Vision: homework | 1225 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 5 boards here | |||
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index50
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AIME | 88.8% | 71.5% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| MATH 500 (Vals AI) | Not measured | 90.4% | Only o1 measured |
| MGSM (Vals AI) | Not measured | 89.3% | Only o1 measured |
| OTIS Mock AIME | 87.8% | 73.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 3 | 44.9% | 14.7% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| FrontierMath, tier 4 | 12.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| ProofBench | 5.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| MATH level 5 | Not measured | 94.7% | Only o1 measured |
| LMArena Text: math | 1405 | 1388 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: mathematical work | 1409 | 1390 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here | |||
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index35
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMLU Pro | 77.2% | 83.5% | o1 |
| LegalBench (Vals AI) | 77.9% | 80.4% | o1 |
| CaseLaw (Vals AI) | 51.9% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| CorpFin (Vals AI) | 61.2% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| TaxEval (Vals AI) | 67.4% | 74.3% | o1 |
| MortgageTax (Vals AI) | 59.1% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| MedQA (Vals AI) | Not measured | 96.5% | Only o1 measured |
| MedCode (Vals AI) | 41.0% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run) | Not measured | 84.1% | Only o1 measured |
| SimpleQA Verified | 11.7% | 41.1% | o1 |
| GeoBench | Not measured | 80.0% | Only o1 measured |
| LMArena Text: science | 1374 | 1369 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare | 1369 | 1355 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: legal and government | 1368 | 1368 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: business and finance | 1366 | 1328 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Neither model has a result on the other 2 boards here | |||
Web designNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neither model has a result on 9 boards here | |||
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index149
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAGE (Vals AI) | 38.1% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| MedScribe (Vals AI) | 77.1% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Vals Multimodal Index | 47.6% | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| IFBench | 75.9% | 70.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Long context reasoning (AA-LCR) | 76.7% | 65.0% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| DTBench | 80.3% | 74.7% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMCA | 36.9% | 22.3% | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| Fiction.LiveBench | Not measured | 83.3% | Only o1 measured |
| Creative writing (Lech Mazur) | Not measured | 70.2% | Only o1 measured |
| LMArena Text | 1372 | 1366 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: instruction following | 1362 | 1367 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: creative writing | 1315 | 1347 | o1 |
| LMArena Vision | 1196 | 1168 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: English | 1381 | 1372 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: non-English | 1359 | 1358 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: Chinese | 1391 | 1394 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: German | 1368 | 1337 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: Japanese | 1343 | 1346 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: Korean | 1321 | 1396 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: French | 1395 | 1344 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: Spanish | 1371 | 1345 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: Russian | 1363 | 1356 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: Polish | 1366 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Text: multi-turn | 1382 | 1355 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Text: longer queries | 1365 | 1378 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: writing and language | 1338 | 1360 | o1 |
| LMArena Text: entertainment and media | 1325 | 1358 | o1 |
| LMArena Vision: English | 1202 | 1162 | GPT-5.4 Nano |
| LMArena Vision: Chinese | 1232 | 1235 | o1 |
| LMArena Vision: reading text | 1204 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Vision: humor | 1161 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Vision: recognizing things | 1141 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| LMArena Vision: creative writing | 1159 | Not measured | Only GPT-5.4 Nano measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 13 boards here | |||
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | GPT-5.4 Nano | o1 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neither model has a result on 5 boards here | |||
What each workload costs
Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.
Chat turn
1K input + 500 output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Repository review
50K input + 3K output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Agent loop
200K input + 10K output tokens
GPT-5.4 Nano costs less
Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.
Specification differences
The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.
| Specification | OpenAI GPT-5.4 Nano | OpenAI o1 |
|---|---|---|
| Maker | OpenAI | OpenAI |
| Weights | No public weights listed | No public weights listed |
| Released | March 17, 2026 | December 17, 2024 |
| Context window | 400K | 200K |
| Input $/Mtok | $0.20 | $15.00 |
| Output $/Mtok | $1.25 | $60.00 |
| Coding index | 44.8 | Not benchmarked |
| Independent measurements behind it | 2 | 0 |
| Cost per solved task | $0.14 | Not computable |
| Source | OpenRouter listing | OpenRouter listing |
Questions
Is GPT-5.4 Nano better than o1 for coding?
Only GPT-5.4 Nano has a coding score, 44.8 on the Vibe Coding Index; o1 has none, so the two cannot be ranked on coding. o1 has the edge where what matters is MMMU Pro (Vals AI) or MMLU Pro, where it leads.
Which is cheaper, GPT-5.4 Nano or o1?
GPT-5.4 Nano costs $0.20 per million input tokens and $1.25 per million output tokens; o1 costs $15.00 and $60.00. Cost per solved task is known for GPT-5.4 Nano only.
Which has the bigger context window, GPT-5.4 Nano or o1?
GPT-5.4 Nano, with 400K tokens against 200K.
How many benchmarks is the GPT-5.4 Nano vs o1 comparison based on?
55 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 21, 2026. GPT-5.4 Nano's coding index rests on 2 independent benchmarks and o1's on 0. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.