Gemma 3 12B vs o3
o3 leads Gemma 3 12B on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, 20.2 to 3.8, and Gemma 3 12B costs 49.2x less per output token ($0.1625 vs $8.00 per million). Updated October 22, 2026; 40 benchmarks have a result for both.
Gemma 3 12B or o3: which to pick
Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding.
Pick Gemma 3 12B for output tokens 49.2x cheaper ($0.1625 vs $8.00 per million) and work measured by LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run) or Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run), where it leads.
- Shared results
- 40
- Gemma 3 12B only
- 3
- o3 only
- 62
- Like-for-like categories
- 7 of 9
Only benchmarks that tested both models count toward a pick; a result only one model has is shown but not compared.
Which one for your work
Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.
Coding
Vibe Coding Index, six public coding benchmarks
No call
Neither has a coding score yet.
One side not measured
Intelligence
AA Intelligence Index
o3
o3 leads, 20.2 against 3.8.
Same board, both measured
Agentic work
AA Agentic Index
No call
Only Gemma 3 12B has a AA Agentic Index result, 0.1.
Directional only
Reasoning
GPQA Diamond
No call
Only o3 has a GPQA Diamond result, 84.1%.
Directional only
Math
AIME
No call
Only o3 has a AIME result, 85.3%.
Directional only
Knowledge
MMLU Pro
No call
Only o3 has a MMLU Pro result, 85.6%.
Directional only
Web design
Design Arena: websites
No call
Only o3 has a Design Arena: websites result, 1036.
Directional only
Long documents
Listed context window
o3
o3 takes 200K tokens against 131K.
Listed by OpenRouter
Everyday cost
1K input + 500 output tokens
Gemma 3 12B
Gemma 3 12B $0.0002, o3 $0.0060 per turn.
List prices
Cost per solved task
One SWE-bench Verified task, solved
No call
Only o3 has the number, $0.571.
Directional only
At a glance
- Coding index
- Gemma 3 12B not benchmarked, o3 not benchmarked.
- Widest category
- Agentic work, 51.3 points apart on average over 2 shared benchmarks.
- Widest single gap
- AA Math Index: Gemma 3 12B 18.3 against o3 88.3, 70.0 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
- Output price
- Gemma 3 12B $0.1625 against o3 $8.00 per million output tokens, 49.2x apart.
- Context window
- Gemma 3 12B takes 131K tokens, o3 200K.
Benchmark by benchmark
First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.
| Category | Gemma 3 12B | Bars | o3 | Ties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coding | 0 | 5 | ||
| Intelligence | 0 | 2 | ||
| Agentic work | 0 | 2 | ||
| Reasoning | 0 | 6 | ||
| Math | 0 | 5 | ||
| Knowledge | 0 | 5 | ||
| General | 0 | 15 | ||
| All shared boards | 0 | 40 |
CodingLike-for-likeSix of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index05
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aider polyglot | Not measured | 81.3% | Only o3 measured |
| SWE-bench Verified | Not measured | 58.4% | Only o3 measured |
| SWE-bench Multimodal | Not measured | 36.0% | Only o3 measured |
| AA Coding Index | 5.8 | Not measured | Only Gemma 3 12B measured |
| LiveCodeBench (Vals AI) | Not measured | 83.9% | Only o3 measured |
| LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run) | 13.7% | 80.8% | o3 |
| SciCode | 16.4% | Not measured | Only Gemma 3 12B measured |
| Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run) | 0.8% | 37.1% | o3 |
| GSO-Bench | Not measured | 8.8% | Only o3 measured |
| WeirdML | Not measured | 52.4% | Only o3 measured |
| ALE-Bench | Not measured | 933.5 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: coding | 1281 | 1407 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: software and IT | 1313 | 1415 | o3 |
| SciCode | 0.0% | 9.2% | o3 |
| Neither model has a result on the other 25 boards here | |||
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index02
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Intelligence Index | 3.8 | 20.2 | o3 |
| Epoch Capabilities Index | 123.5 | 146.7 | o3 |
Agentic workLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index02
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA Agentic Index | 0.1 | Not measured | Only Gemma 3 12B measured |
| τ²-Bench Telecom | 10.8% | 80.7% | o3 |
| METR time horizons | Not measured | 65.4% | Only o3 measured |
| GDPval | Not measured | 30.8% | Only o3 measured |
| DeepResearch Bench | Not measured | 45.2% | Only o3 measured |
| OSWorld | Not measured | 23.0% | Only o3 measured |
| Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard (BFCL) | 30.4% | 63.0% | o3 |
| BrowseComp-Plus | Not measured | 65.9% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 33 boards here | |||
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index06
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPQA Diamond | Not measured | 84.1% | Only o3 measured |
| MMMU Pro (Vals AI) | Not measured | 80.4% | Only o3 measured |
| GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run) | 34.9% | 82.7% | o3 |
| Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run) | 4.2% | 20.1% | o3 |
| GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run) | 39.5% | 81.8% | o3 |
| ARC-AGI | Not measured | 60.8% | Only o3 measured |
| ARC-AGI-2 | Not measured | 6.5% | Only o3 measured |
| SimpleBench | Not measured | 53.1% | Only o3 measured |
| Chess puzzles | Not measured | 37.0% | Only o3 measured |
| Mystery game puzzles | Not measured | 29.0% | Only o3 measured |
| VPCT | Not measured | 52.0% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts | 1309 | 1402 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: expert | 1248 | 1402 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: hard prompts in English | 1318 | 1411 | o3 |
| LMArena Vision: diagrams | Not measured | 1220 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: homework | Not measured | 1234 | Only o3 measured |
| Kagi LLM Benchmark | Not measured | 67.6% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 5 boards here | |||
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index05
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| AIME | Not measured | 85.3% | Only o3 measured |
| MATH 500 (Vals AI) | Not measured | 94.6% | Only o3 measured |
| MGSM (Vals AI) | Not measured | 91.8% | Only o3 measured |
| AA Math Index | 18.3 | 88.3 | o3 |
| AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run) | 18.3% | 88.3% | o3 |
| OTIS Mock AIME | 16.7% | 84.4% | o3 |
| FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 3 | Not measured | 33.3% | Only o3 measured |
| MATH level 5 | Not measured | 97.8% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: math | 1307 | 1426 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: mathematical work | 1336 | 1423 | o3 |
| Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here | |||
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index05
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMLU Pro | Not measured | 85.6% | Only o3 measured |
| LegalBench (Vals AI) | Not measured | 83.8% | Only o3 measured |
| CorpFin (Vals AI) | Not measured | 59.7% | Only o3 measured |
| TaxEval (Vals AI) | Not measured | 74.6% | Only o3 measured |
| MortgageTax (Vals AI) | Not measured | 65.7% | Only o3 measured |
| MedQA (Vals AI) | Not measured | 96.1% | Only o3 measured |
| MedCode (Vals AI) | Not measured | 47.3% | Only o3 measured |
| MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run) | 59.5% | 85.3% | o3 |
| SimpleQA Verified | Not measured | 49.4% | Only o3 measured |
| GeoBench | Not measured | 74.0% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: science | 1366 | 1429 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare | 1334 | 1448 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: legal and government | 1381 | 1428 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: business and finance | 1376 | 1393 | o3 |
| FACTS Benchmark Suite | Not measured | 44.4% | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here | |||
Web designDirectional onlyPublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index5 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Design Arena: websites | Not measured | 1036 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: UI components | Not measured | 1017 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: game dev | Not measured | 1034 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: data viz | Not measured | 1200 | Only o3 measured |
| Design Arena: all code categories | Not measured | 1020 | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 4 boards here | |||
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index015
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAGE (Vals AI) | Not measured | 41.8% | Only o3 measured |
| MedScribe (Vals AI) | Not measured | 76.7% | Only o3 measured |
| IFBench | 36.7% | 71.4% | o3 |
| Long context reasoning (AA-LCR) | 8.3% | 74.7% | o3 |
| DTBench | 48.8% | 84.8% | o3 |
| LMCA | 4.5% | 39.7% | o3 |
| Fiction.LiveBench | Not measured | 88.9% | Only o3 measured |
| Creative writing (Lech Mazur) | Not measured | 83.9% | Only o3 measured |
| CL-bench | Not measured | 17.8% | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text | 1334 | 1410 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: instruction following | 1299 | 1368 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: creative writing | 1331 | 1359 | o3 |
| LMArena Vision | Not measured | 1214 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: English | 1349 | 1417 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: non-English | 1318 | 1401 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: Chinese | Not measured | 1437 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: German | 1370 | 1420 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: Japanese | Not measured | 1403 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: Korean | Not measured | 1370 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: French | Not measured | 1430 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: Spanish | Not measured | 1395 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: Russian | 1335 | 1406 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: Polish | Not measured | 1438 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Text: multi-turn | 1334 | 1405 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: longer queries | 1317 | 1372 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: writing and language | 1307 | 1372 | o3 |
| LMArena Text: entertainment and media | 1297 | 1373 | o3 |
| LMArena Vision: English | Not measured | 1221 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: Chinese | Not measured | 1237 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: reading text | Not measured | 1218 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: humor | Not measured | 1222 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: captioning | Not measured | 1210 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: recognizing things | Not measured | 1234 | Only o3 measured |
| LMArena Vision: creative writing | Not measured | 1201 | Only o3 measured |
| Neither model has a result on the other 12 boards here | |||
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
| Benchmark | Gemma 3 12B | o3 | Leader |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neither model has a result on 5 boards here | |||
What each workload costs
Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.
Chat turn
1K input + 500 output tokens
Gemma 3 12B costs less
Repository review
50K input + 3K output tokens
Gemma 3 12B costs less
Agent loop
200K input + 10K output tokens
Gemma 3 12B costs less
Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.
Specification differences
The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.
| Specification | Google Gemma 3 12B | OpenAI o3 |
|---|---|---|
| Maker | OpenAI | |
| Weights | Open weights | No public weights listed |
| Released | March 13, 2025 | April 16, 2025 |
| Context window | 131K | 200K |
| Input $/Mtok | $0.075 | $2.00 |
| Output $/Mtok | $0.1625 | $8.00 |
| Coding index | Not benchmarked | Not benchmarked |
| Independent measurements behind it | 0 | 0 |
| Cost per solved task | Not computable | $0.571 |
| Source | OpenRouter listing | OpenRouter listing |
Questions
Is Gemma 3 12B better than o3 for coding?
Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding. Pick Gemma 3 12B for output tokens 49.2x cheaper ($0.1625 vs $8.00 per million) and work measured by LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run) or Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run), where it leads.
Which is cheaper, Gemma 3 12B or o3?
Gemma 3 12B costs $0.075 per million input tokens and $0.1625 per million output tokens; o3 costs $2.00 and $8.00. Cost per solved task is known for o3 only.
Which has the bigger context window, Gemma 3 12B or o3?
o3, with 200K tokens against 131K.
How many benchmarks is the Gemma 3 12B vs o3 comparison based on?
40 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 22, 2026. Gemma 3 12B's coding index rests on 0 independent benchmarks and o3's on 0. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.