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Gemini 2.5 Flash vs GPT-4.1

Updated October 21, 2026. 62 benchmarks have a result for both. Coding is ranked on the Vibe Coding Index; every other board is shown as published.

Replace Gemini 2.5 Flash Replace GPT-4.1
Gemini 2.5 FlashGoogle
Coding
28.7
Overall
15.5
Output $/M
$2.50
55
GPT-4.1OpenAI
Coding
46.5
Overall
12.7
Output $/M
$8.00
6
vs boards won of 62 shared, 1 tied

Decision reading

Pick GPT-4.1 for coding: it scores 46.5 on the Vibe Coding Index against 28.7 for Gemini 2.5 Flash.

Pick Gemini 2.5 Flash when output tokens cost 3.2x less, or when the context window is larger, 1.05M against 1.05M tokens.

Model AGemini 2.5 FlashGoogle28.7/1001 independent benchmark$0.466 per solved taskModel BGPT-4.1OpenAI46.5/1002 independent benchmarks$0.37 per solved task
Shared results
62
Gemini 2.5 Flash only
7
GPT-4.1 only
25
Like-for-like categories
8 of 9

Shared results can support a head-to-head reading. Results only one model has describe coverage, not superiority.

Which one for your work

Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.

At a glance

Coding index
Gemini 2.5 Flash 28.7 from 1 benchmark, GPT-4.1 46.5 from 2 benchmarks.
Widest category
Math, 23.7 points apart on average over 4 shared benchmarks.
Widest single gap
AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run): Gemini 2.5 Flash 73.3% against GPT-4.1 34.7%, 38.7 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
Output price
Gemini 2.5 Flash $2.50 against GPT-4.1 $8.00 per million output tokens, 3.2x apart.
Context window
Gemini 2.5 Flash takes 1.05M tokens, GPT-4.1 1.05M.

Benchmark by benchmark

First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.

Boards won, where both have a result
CategoryGemini 2.5 FlashBarsGPT-4.1Ties
Coding311 tie
Intelligence20
Agentic work01
Reasoning91
Math40
Knowledge50
Web design42
General281
All shared boards5561 tie
CodingLike-for-likeFour of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index31
Coding benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
Aider polyglotNot measured52.4%Only GPT-4.1 measured
SWE-bench Verified28.7%39.6%GPT-4.1
SWE-bench MultimodalNot measured31.1%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LiveCodeBench (Vals AI)Not measured54.7%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run)69.5%45.7%Gemini 2.5 Flash
Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run)13.6%13.6%Tie
Terminal-Bench17.1%Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
WeirdMLNot measured39.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
ALE-BenchNot measured558.1Only GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: coding14231390Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: software and IT14251391Gemini 2.5 Flash
Neither model has a result on the other 27 boards here
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index20
Intelligence benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
AA Intelligence Index15.512.7Gemini 2.5 Flash
Epoch Capabilities Index142.9136.7Gemini 2.5 Flash
Agentic workLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index01
Agentic work benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
τ²-Bench Telecom31.6%47.1%GPT-4.1
BALROG33.5%Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
Vending-Bench 2$549Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
Neither model has a result on the other 36 boards here
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index91
Reasoning benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
GPQA DiamondNot measured65.4%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MMMU Pro (Vals AI)Not measured72.4%Only GPT-4.1 measured
GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run)79.0%66.6%Gemini 2.5 Flash
Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run)12.1%4.2%Gemini 2.5 Flash
GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run)Not measured66.9%Only GPT-4.1 measured
ARC-AGI33.3%5.5%Gemini 2.5 Flash
ARC-AGI-22.5%0.4%Gemini 2.5 Flash
SimpleBench41.2%27.0%Gemini 2.5 Flash
Chess puzzlesNot measured3.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: hard prompts14221384Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: expert14261364Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: hard prompts in English14201393Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: diagrams12451215Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: homework12441248GPT-4.1
Neither model has a result on the other 7 boards here
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index40
Math benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
AIMENot measured39.6%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MATH 500 (Vals AI)Not measured87.2%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MGSM (Vals AI)Not measured87.7%Only GPT-4.1 measured
AA Math Index73.334.7Gemini 2.5 Flash
AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run)73.3%34.7%Gemini 2.5 Flash
OTIS Mock AIMENot measured38.3%Only GPT-4.1 measured
FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 3Not measured6.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MATH level 5Not measured83.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: math14111369Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: mathematical work14221360Gemini 2.5 Flash
Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index50
Knowledge benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
MMLU ProNot measured80.5%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LegalBench (Vals AI)Not measured83.1%Only GPT-4.1 measured
CaseLaw (Vals AI)Not measured69.9%Only GPT-4.1 measured
CorpFin (Vals AI)Not measured63.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
TaxEval (Vals AI)Not measured75.1%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MortgageTax (Vals AI)Not measured65.9%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MedQA (Vals AI)Not measured91.2%Only GPT-4.1 measured
MedCode (Vals AI)40.4%Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run)83.2%80.6%Gemini 2.5 Flash
SimpleQA VerifiedNot measured31.1%Only GPT-4.1 measured
GeoBenchNot measured72.0%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: science14331382Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare14281379Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: legal and government14301399Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: business and finance14041369Gemini 2.5 Flash
Neither model has a result on the other 2 boards here
Web designLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index42
Web design benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
Design Arena: websites10741039Gemini 2.5 Flash
Design Arena: UI components10051000Gemini 2.5 Flash
Design Arena: game dev10051080GPT-4.1
Design Arena: data viz10601104GPT-4.1
Design Arena: 3D1021850Gemini 2.5 Flash
Design Arena: all code categories10591026Gemini 2.5 Flash
Design Arena: SVG1018Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
Neither model has a result on the other 2 boards here
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index281
General benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
SAGE (Vals AI)44.8%Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
MedScribe (Vals AI)83.0%Not measuredOnly Gemini 2.5 Flash measured
IFBench50.3%43.0%Gemini 2.5 Flash
Long context reasoning (AA-LCR)65.3%68.3%GPT-4.1
DTBench76.5%68.3%Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMCA27.5%25.6%Gemini 2.5 Flash
Fiction.LiveBenchNot measured63.9%Only GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text14171383Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: instruction following14051367Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: creative writing14001363Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision12351210Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: English14181392Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: non-English14091370Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Chinese14491382Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: German14171381Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Japanese13961319Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Korean13851338Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: French14321382Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Spanish14221376Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Russian14151377Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: Polish14131389Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: multi-turn14081397Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: longer queries14191385Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: writing and language14051371Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Text: entertainment and media13931365Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: English12391209Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: Chinese12841226Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: reading text12371218Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: humor12251196Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: captioning12771207Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: recognizing things12521208Gemini 2.5 Flash
LMArena Vision: creative writing12411210Gemini 2.5 Flash
Neither model has a result on the other 14 boards here
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
Image generation benchmarks for Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
BenchmarkGemini 2.5 FlashGPT-4.1Leader
Neither model has a result on 5 boards here

What each workload costs

Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.

Chat turn

1K input + 500 output tokens

Gemini 2.5 Flash$0.0015Fits in one request
GPT-4.1$0.0060Fits in one request

Gemini 2.5 Flash costs less

Repository review

50K input + 3K output tokens

Gemini 2.5 Flash$0.022Fits in one request
GPT-4.1$0.124Fits in one request

Gemini 2.5 Flash costs less

Agent loop

200K input + 10K output tokens

Gemini 2.5 Flash$0.085Fits in one request
GPT-4.1$0.480Fits in one request

Gemini 2.5 Flash costs less

Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.

Specification differences

The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.

Specifications of Gemini 2.5 Flash and GPT-4.1
SpecificationGoogle Gemini 2.5 FlashOpenAI GPT-4.1
MakerGoogleOpenAI
WeightsNo public weights listedNo public weights listed
ReleasedJune 17, 2025April 14, 2025
Context window1.05M1.05M
Input $/Mtok$0.30$2.00
Output $/Mtok$2.50$8.00
Coding index28.746.5
Independent measurements behind it12
Cost per solved task$0.466$0.37
SourceOpenRouter listingOpenRouter listing

Questions

Is Gemini 2.5 Flash better than GPT-4.1 for coding?

Pick GPT-4.1 for coding: it scores 46.5 on the Vibe Coding Index against 28.7 for Gemini 2.5 Flash. Pick Gemini 2.5 Flash when output tokens cost 3.2x less, or when the context window is larger, 1.05M against 1.05M tokens.

Which is cheaper, Gemini 2.5 Flash or GPT-4.1?

Gemini 2.5 Flash costs $0.30 per million input tokens and $2.50 per million output tokens; GPT-4.1 costs $2.00 and $8.00. Per solved SWE-bench Verified task, Gemini 2.5 Flash costs $0.466 and GPT-4.1 $0.37.

Which has the bigger context window, Gemini 2.5 Flash or GPT-4.1?

Gemini 2.5 Flash, with 1.05M tokens against 1.05M.

How many benchmarks is the Gemini 2.5 Flash vs GPT-4.1 comparison based on?

62 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 21, 2026. Gemini 2.5 Flash's coding index rests on 1 independent benchmark and GPT-4.1's on 2. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.

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