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GPT-4.1 vs GPT-4o (2024-05-13)

GPT-4.1 leads GPT-4o (2024-05-13) on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, 12.7 to 7.3, and GPT-4.1 costs 1.9x less per output token ($8.00 vs $15.00 per million). Updated October 22, 2026; 40 benchmarks have a result for both.

Replace GPT-4.1 Replace GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
GPT-4.1OpenAI
Coding
No data
Overall
36.5
Output $/M
$8.00
40
GPT-4o (2024-05-13)OpenAI
Coding
No data
Overall
27.1
Output $/M
$15.00
0
vs boards won of 40 shared

GPT-4.1 or GPT-4o (2024-05-13): which to pick

Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding.

Pick GPT-4.1 for output tokens 1.9x cheaper ($8.00 vs $15.00 per million) and a larger context window (1.05M against 128K tokens).

Model AGPT-4.1OpenAINot benchmarkedNo coding benchmark$0.37 per solved taskModel BGPT-4o (2024-05-13)OpenAINot benchmarkedNo coding benchmarkNo cost per solved task
Shared results
40
GPT-4.1 only
55
GPT-4o (2024-05-13) only
4
Like-for-like categories
6 of 9

Only benchmarks that tested both models count toward a pick; a result only one model has is shown but not compared.

Which one for your work

Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.

At a glance

Coding index
GPT-4.1 not benchmarked, GPT-4o (2024-05-13) not benchmarked.
Widest category
Math, 22.7 points apart on average over 4 shared benchmarks.
Widest single gap
OTIS Mock AIME: GPT-4.1 38.3% against GPT-4o (2024-05-13) 6.3%, 32.1 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
Output price
GPT-4.1 $8.00 against GPT-4o (2024-05-13) $15.00 per million output tokens, 1.9x apart.
Context window
GPT-4.1 takes 1.05M tokens, GPT-4o (2024-05-13) 128K.

Benchmark by benchmark

First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.

Boards won, where both have a result
CategoryGPT-4.1BarsGPT-4o (2024-05-13)Ties
Coding30
Intelligence10
Reasoning70
Math40
Knowledge50
General200
All shared boards400
CodingLike-for-likeSix of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index30
Coding benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
Aider polyglot52.4%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
SWE-bench Verified39.6%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
SWE-bench Multimodal31.1%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
AA Coding IndexNot measured24.2Only GPT-4o (2024-05-13) measured
LiveCodeBench (Vals AI)54.7%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run)45.7%33.4%GPT-4.1
Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run)13.6%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
WeirdML39.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
ALE-Bench558.1Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: coding13901297GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: software and IT13911297GPT-4.1
SciCode4.6%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 31 boards here
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index10
Intelligence benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
AA Intelligence Index12.77.3GPT-4.1
Epoch Capabilities Index136.7Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Agentic workDirectional onlyPublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index5 boards, none shared
Agentic work benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
τ²-Bench Telecom47.1%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
METR time horizonsNot measured40.8%Only GPT-4o (2024-05-13) measured
BALROGNot measured32.3%Only GPT-4o (2024-05-13) measured
Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard (BFCL)54.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
BrowseComp-Plus36.4%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 37 boards here
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index70
Reasoning benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
GPQA Diamond65.4%50.2%GPT-4.1
MMMU Pro (Vals AI)72.4%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run)66.6%52.6%GPT-4.1
Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run)4.2%1.8%GPT-4.1
GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run)66.9%48.9%GPT-4.1
ARC-AGI5.5%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
ARC-AGI-20.4%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
SimpleBench27.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Chess puzzles3.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: hard prompts13841281GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: expert13641250GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: hard prompts in English13931293GPT-4.1
LMArena Vision: diagrams1215Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Vision: homework1248Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Kagi LLM Benchmark52.3%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 8 boards here
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index40
Math benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
AIME39.6%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MATH 500 (Vals AI)87.2%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MGSM (Vals AI)87.7%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
AA Math Index34.7Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run)34.7%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
OTIS Mock AIME38.3%6.3%GPT-4.1
FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 36.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MATH level 583.0%51.0%GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: math13691284GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: mathematical work13601284GPT-4.1
Neither model has a result on the other 4 boards here
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index50
Knowledge benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
MMLU Pro80.5%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LegalBench (Vals AI)83.1%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
CaseLaw (Vals AI)69.9%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
CorpFin (Vals AI)63.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
TaxEval (Vals AI)75.1%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MortgageTax (Vals AI)65.9%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MedQA (Vals AI)91.2%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run)80.6%74.0%GPT-4.1
SimpleQA Verified31.1%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MMLUNot measured84.2%Only GPT-4o (2024-05-13) measured
GeoBench72.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text: science13821295GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare13791278GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: legal and government13991314GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: business and finance13691262GPT-4.1
FACTS Benchmark Suite45.8%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
PRBench Finance34.3%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
PRBench Legal36.5%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 2 boards here
Web designDirectional onlyPublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index6 boards, none shared
Web design benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
Design Arena: websites1038Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Design Arena: UI components998Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Design Arena: game dev1079Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Design Arena: data viz1104Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Design Arena: 3D849Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Design Arena: all code categories1025Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index200
General benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
IFBench43.0%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Long context reasoning (AA-LCR)68.3%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
DTBench68.3%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMCA25.6%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Fiction.LiveBench63.9%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Text13831300GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: instruction following13671278GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: creative writing13631291GPT-4.1
LMArena Vision12101137GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: English13921312GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: non-English13701283GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Chinese13821277GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: German13811283GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Japanese13191257GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Korean13381234GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: French13821304GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Spanish13761292GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Russian13771285GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: Polish13891365GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: multi-turn13971302GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: longer queries13851288GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: writing and language13711298GPT-4.1
LMArena Text: entertainment and media13651289GPT-4.1
LMArena Vision: English12091147GPT-4.1
LMArena Vision: Chinese12261132GPT-4.1
LMArena Vision: reading text1218Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Vision: humor1196Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Vision: captioning1207Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Vision: recognizing things1208Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
LMArena Vision: creative writing1210Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
MultiChallenge39.4%Not measuredOnly GPT-4.1 measured
Neither model has a result on the other 17 boards here
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
Image generation benchmarks for GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
BenchmarkGPT-4.1GPT-4o (2024-05-13)Leader
Neither model has a result on 5 boards here

What each workload costs

Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.

Chat turn

1K input + 500 output tokens

GPT-4.1$0.0060Fits in one request
GPT-4o (2024-05-13)$0.013Fits in one request

GPT-4.1 costs less

Repository review

50K input + 3K output tokens

GPT-4.1$0.124Fits in one request
GPT-4o (2024-05-13)$0.295Fits in one request

GPT-4.1 costs less

Agent loop

200K input + 10K output tokens

GPT-4.1$0.480Fits in one request
GPT-4o (2024-05-13)$1.15Exceeds the context window

GPT-4.1 costs less

Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.

Specification differences

The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.

Specifications of GPT-4.1 and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
SpecificationOpenAI GPT-4.1OpenAI GPT-4o (2024-05-13)
MakerOpenAIOpenAI
WeightsNo public weights listedNo public weights listed
ReleasedApril 14, 2025May 13, 2024
Context window1.05M128K
Input $/Mtok$2.00$5.00
Output $/Mtok$8.00$15.00
Coding indexNot benchmarkedNot benchmarked
Independent measurements behind it00
Cost per solved task$0.37Not computable
SourceOpenRouter listingOpenRouter listing

Questions

Is GPT-4.1 better than GPT-4o (2024-05-13) for coding?

Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding. Pick GPT-4.1 for output tokens 1.9x cheaper ($8.00 vs $15.00 per million) and a larger context window (1.05M against 128K tokens).

Which is cheaper, GPT-4.1 or GPT-4o (2024-05-13)?

GPT-4.1 costs $2.00 per million input tokens and $8.00 per million output tokens; GPT-4o (2024-05-13) costs $5.00 and $15.00. Cost per solved task is known for GPT-4.1 only.

Which has the bigger context window, GPT-4.1 or GPT-4o (2024-05-13)?

GPT-4.1, with 1.05M tokens against 128K.

How many benchmarks is the GPT-4.1 vs GPT-4o (2024-05-13) comparison based on?

40 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 22, 2026. GPT-4.1's coding index rests on 0 independent benchmarks and GPT-4o (2024-05-13)'s on 0. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.

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