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Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-4.1 Mini

GPT-4.1 Mini leads Gemma 3 12B on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, 10.2 to 3.8, and Gemma 3 12B costs 9.8x less per output token ($0.1625 vs $1.60 per million). Updated October 21, 2026; 40 benchmarks have a result for both.

Replace Gemma 3 12B Replace GPT-4.1 Mini
Gemma 3 12BGoogle
Coding
No data
Overall
28.0
Output $/M
$0.1625
8
GPT-4.1 MiniOpenAI
Coding
No data
Overall
31.9
Output $/M
$1.60
32
vs boards won of 40 shared

Gemma 3 12B or GPT-4.1 Mini: which to pick

Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding.

Pick Gemma 3 12B for output tokens 9.8x cheaper ($0.1625 vs $1.60 per million) and work measured by AA Coding Index or LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run), where it leads.

Model AGemma 3 12BGoogleNot benchmarkedNo coding benchmarkNo cost per solved taskModel BGPT-4.1 MiniOpenAINot benchmarkedNo coding benchmark$1.818 per solved task
Shared results
40
Gemma 3 12B only
3
GPT-4.1 Mini only
46
Like-for-like categories
7 of 9

Only benchmarks that tested both models count toward a pick; a result only one model has is shown but not compared.

Which one for your work

Each card is decided by one number both models carry. Where only one has it, the card says so and makes no call.

At a glance

Coding index
Gemma 3 12B not benchmarked, GPT-4.1 Mini not benchmarked.
Widest category
Agentic work, 31.1 points apart on average over 2 shared benchmarks.
Widest single gap
τ²-Bench Telecom: Gemma 3 12B 10.8% against GPT-4.1 Mini 52.9%, 42.1 points apart on a 0 to 100 scale.
Output price
Gemma 3 12B $0.1625 against GPT-4.1 Mini $1.60 per million output tokens, 9.8x apart.
Context window
Gemma 3 12B takes 131K tokens, GPT-4.1 Mini 1.05M.

Benchmark by benchmark

First the score: boards each model leads, per category, where both have a result. Then every board, a category to a fold; bars are each result on a 0 to 100 scale, so compare the two in a row, not one row with another.

Boards won, where both have a result
CategoryGemma 3 12BBarsGPT-4.1 MiniTies
Coding05
Intelligence02
Agentic work02
Reasoning06
Math05
Knowledge41
General411
All shared boards832
CodingLike-for-likeSix of these boards feed the Vibe Coding Index05
Coding benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
Aider polyglotNot measured32.4%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
SWE-bench VerifiedNot measured23.9%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
AA Coding Index5.820.2GPT-4.1 Mini
LiveCodeBench (Vals AI)Not measured58.2%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run)13.7%48.3%GPT-4.1 Mini
SciCode16.4%Not measuredOnly Gemma 3 12B measured
Terminal-Bench Hard (Artificial Analysis run)0.8%7.6%GPT-4.1 Mini
WeirdMLNot measured37.6%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: coding12811367GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: software and IT13131360GPT-4.1 Mini
SciCode0.0%Not measuredOnly Gemma 3 12B measured
Neither model has a result on the other 28 boards here
IntelligenceLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index02
Intelligence benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
AA Intelligence Index3.810.2GPT-4.1 Mini
Epoch Capabilities Index123.5134.9GPT-4.1 Mini
Agentic workLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index02
Agentic work benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
AA Agentic Index0.1Not measuredOnly Gemma 3 12B measured
τ²-Bench Telecom10.8%52.9%GPT-4.1 Mini
Berkeley Function Calling Leaderboard (BFCL)30.4%50.4%GPT-4.1 Mini
Neither model has a result on the other 38 boards here
ReasoningLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index06
Reasoning benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
GPQA DiamondNot measured67.9%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MMMU Pro (Vals AI)Not measured70.5%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
GPQA Diamond (Artificial Analysis run)34.9%66.4%GPT-4.1 Mini
Humanity's Last Exam (Artificial Analysis run)4.2%5.0%GPT-4.1 Mini
GPQA Diamond (Epoch AI run)39.5%65.8%GPT-4.1 Mini
ARC-AGINot measured3.5%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
ARC-AGI-2Not measured0.0%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Chess puzzlesNot measured1.0%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Mystery game puzzlesNot measured7.0%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: hard prompts13091349GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: expert12481338GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: hard prompts in English13181362GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Vision: diagramsNot measured1182Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: homeworkNot measured1214Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Kagi LLM BenchmarkNot measured48.6%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Neither model has a result on the other 7 boards here
MathLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index05
Math benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
AIMENot measured49.4%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MATH 500 (Vals AI)Not measured88.0%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MGSM (Vals AI)Not measured87.8%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
AA Math Index18.346.3GPT-4.1 Mini
AIME 2025 (Artificial Analysis run)18.3%46.3%GPT-4.1 Mini
OTIS Mock AIME16.7%44.7%GPT-4.1 Mini
FrontierMath, tiers 1 to 3Not measured6.7%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MATH level 5Not measured87.3%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: math13071343GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: mathematical work13361347GPT-4.1 Mini
Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here
KnowledgeLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index41
Knowledge benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
MMLU ProNot measured77.2%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LegalBench (Vals AI)Not measured78.0%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
CorpFin (Vals AI)Not measured57.9%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
TaxEval (Vals AI)Not measured71.9%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MortgageTax (Vals AI)Not measured65.5%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MedQA (Vals AI)Not measured84.6%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
MMLU Pro (Artificial Analysis run)59.5%78.1%GPT-4.1 Mini
SimpleQA VerifiedNot measured12.7%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: science13661328Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: medicine and healthcare13341324Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: legal and government13811343Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: business and finance13761322Gemma 3 12B
Neither model has a result on the other 6 boards here
Web designDirectional onlyPublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index6 boards, none shared
Web design benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
Design Arena: websitesNot measured997Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Design Arena: UI componentsNot measured961Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Design Arena: game devNot measured1071Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Design Arena: data vizNot measured1034Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Design Arena: 3DNot measured837Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Design Arena: all code categoriesNot measured994Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Neither model has a result on the other 3 boards here
GeneralLike-for-likePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index411
General benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
IFBench36.7%38.3%GPT-4.1 Mini
Long context reasoning (AA-LCR)8.3%44.0%GPT-4.1 Mini
DTBench48.8%68.8%GPT-4.1 Mini
LMCA4.5%21.1%GPT-4.1 Mini
Fiction.LiveBenchNot measured44.4%Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text13341341GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: instruction following12991333GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: creative writing13311299Gemma 3 12B
LMArena VisionNot measured1181Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: English13491356GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: non-English13181318Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: ChineseNot measured1329Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: German13701350Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: JapaneseNot measured1290Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: KoreanNot measured1298Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: FrenchNot measured1358Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: SpanishNot measured1319Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: Russian13351324Gemma 3 12B
LMArena Text: PolishNot measured1326Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Text: multi-turn13341354GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: longer queries13171344GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: writing and language13071319GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Text: entertainment and media12971300GPT-4.1 Mini
LMArena Vision: EnglishNot measured1191Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: ChineseNot measured1186Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: reading textNot measured1188Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: humorNot measured1182Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: captioningNot measured1174Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: recognizing thingsNot measured1187Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
LMArena Vision: creative writingNot measured1182Only GPT-4.1 Mini measured
Neither model has a result on the other 16 boards here
Image generationNot comparablePublic boards, shown as published, kept out of the index0 boards, none shared
Image generation benchmarks for Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
BenchmarkGemma 3 12BGPT-4.1 MiniLeader
Neither model has a result on 5 boards here

What each workload costs

Three fixed token mixes at each model's listed price, so per-token rates become a bill.

Chat turn

1K input + 500 output tokens

Gemma 3 12B$0.0002Fits in one request
GPT-4.1 Mini$0.0012Fits in one request

Gemma 3 12B costs less

Repository review

50K input + 3K output tokens

Gemma 3 12B$0.0042Fits in one request
GPT-4.1 Mini$0.025Fits in one request

Gemma 3 12B costs less

Agent loop

200K input + 10K output tokens

Gemma 3 12B$0.017Exceeds the context window
GPT-4.1 Mini$0.096Fits in one request

Gemma 3 12B costs less

Listed OpenRouter rates, without cache or batch discounts. A workload that does not fit a model's context window would need splitting.

Specification differences

The leading value in a row is marked; a row with a missing value names no leader. Our two rows are marked in red.

Specifications of Gemma 3 12B and GPT-4.1 Mini
SpecificationGoogle Gemma 3 12BOpenAI GPT-4.1 Mini
MakerGoogleOpenAI
WeightsOpen weightsNo public weights listed
ReleasedMarch 13, 2025April 14, 2025
Context window131K1.05M
Input $/Mtok$0.075$0.40
Output $/Mtok$0.1625$1.60
Coding indexNot benchmarkedNot benchmarked
Independent measurements behind it00
Cost per solved taskNot computable$1.818
SourceOpenRouter listingOpenRouter listing

Questions

Is Gemma 3 12B better than GPT-4.1 Mini for coding?

Neither model has a coding score yet, so the two cannot be ranked on coding. Pick Gemma 3 12B for output tokens 9.8x cheaper ($0.1625 vs $1.60 per million) and work measured by AA Coding Index or LiveCodeBench (Artificial Analysis run), where it leads.

Which is cheaper, Gemma 3 12B or GPT-4.1 Mini?

Gemma 3 12B costs $0.075 per million input tokens and $0.1625 per million output tokens; GPT-4.1 Mini costs $0.40 and $1.60. Cost per solved task is known for GPT-4.1 Mini only.

Which has the bigger context window, Gemma 3 12B or GPT-4.1 Mini?

GPT-4.1 Mini, with 1.05M tokens against 131K.

How many benchmarks is the Gemma 3 12B vs GPT-4.1 Mini comparison based on?

40 benchmarks have a result for both models as of October 21, 2026. Gemma 3 12B's coding index rests on 0 independent benchmarks and GPT-4.1 Mini's on 0. Where only one model has a result, the page says so instead of naming a winner.

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